Mojo is a new programming language meant to eventually be a superset of Python (ie all Python code is also valid Mojo code) but with features allowing it to be much faster. It's being created by Chris Lattner, who previously created LLVM, Clang, and the Swift programming language, among other things. As I understand it, it is intended particularly to solve the current situation where AI code is written in Python using libraries (eg numpy, scipy, pytorch) which are themselves wrappers over code written in C since Python is too slow, making those libraries difficult to debug or extend.

https://www.modular.com/mojo

At the end of 2030, I will look at a sampling of AI/ML papers published on Arxiv.org. If a plurality of papers with code (or otherwise making it clear what language they used) were using Mojo, this resolves YES.

This can also resolve early if someone shows me that Mojo has already displaced Python.

See also:

Will the new programming language Mojo enter the TIOBE Top 10 popularity index by 2026?6%‌

Will the new programming language Mojo enter the TIOBE Top 20 popularity index by 2026?20%‌

Will Mojo displace Python as the language of most AI papers on Arxiv by 20266%‌

(In the unlikely event some other language displaces both Python and Mojo, I'm not sure how this should resolve, suggestions welcome. There also might be edge cases around the fact that it is intended that all Python code eventually be valid Mojo code as well. I will do my best to resolve according to the spirit of the questions and suggestions are welcome now for more precise criteria)